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LTR- Retrotransposon dynamics during the polyploidization and domestication of cotton
Lucia Campos Dominguez  1  , Raúl Castanera  1  , Corrine Grover  2  , Guanjing Hu  3, 4  , Jonathan Wendel  2  , Josep Casacuberta  1@  
1 : Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CRAG
Campus UAB Barcelona -  Spain
2 : Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University
Ames, IA, 50011 USA -  United States
3 : State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Anyang 455000 -  China
4 : Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shenzhen 518120 -  China

Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense are two allopolyploid species of cotton that have undergone two parallel domestication processes and represent the world's largest source of natural fiber. Recent research has provided good quality reference genomes of 8 and 11 different accessions of G.hirsutum and G. barbadense respectively, including both wild and domesticated populations. The current availability of such multiple high-quality reference genomes enables the development of reference pangenomes for genomic and evolutionary studies, which significantly improves the capture of the genetic diversity within a species in comparison to single reference genomes. With the aim of elucidating the roles of TEs in both the allopolyploidization and domestication events of these two species, we have analysed the LTR-RT content within the available G. hirsutum and G. barbadense genomes and its diploid parental species. Moreover, we have generated species-level pangenomes that allow us to study the more recent TE dynamics by looking into the structural variants triggered by TEs, also called TIPs (Transposon Insertion Polymorphisms). Our preliminary results reveal that different LTR-RT lineages show different dynamics after polyploidisation, with some lineages increasing their copy number accompanying the polyploidization event and others showing a relatively low activity and maintaining their copy numbers. Moreover, our results also show that the two tetraploid species seem to have undergone different LTR-RT recombination dynamics, evidenced by the presence of solo-LTR TIPs. These results illustrate how diverse the LTR-RT dynamics can be even within a single genome and how LTR-RT amplification and elimination by intra-element recombination shape a complex genome such as that of cotton.

 



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